Hyperthyroidism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hyperthyroidism - Research Paper Example It very well may be treated in an assortment of ways, with the specialist choosing the best strategy for treatment in the wake of contemplating the age, history and reason for the ailment of individual patients . The sickness is more typical in ladies than in men and seldom influences youngsters beneath 15 years of age.It is assessed that 1% of the US populace has hyperthyroidism. It is frequently found in old individuals who are more than 60 years old as thyroid knobs that are protuberances in the thyroid organ. The condition is treated with hostile to thyroid medications, medical procedure, or radioactive iodine. Individuals with hyperthyroidism can live ordinary, dynamic lives with normal observing and clinical consideration. The human endocrine framework is comprised of organs that emit hormones that are discharged into the circulation system and keep up the body’s metabolism.The endocrine organs are the fundamental hormone creating organs in the human body. The thyroid or gan in the neck is one of the organs of the endocrine framework, the pituitary organ in the cerebrum is another. The pituitary organ which is about the size of a pea, is situated at the base of the cerebrum. It is regularly alluded to as the ace organ since it controls a few organs in the endocrine framework. ... Iodine is a significant segment of the thyroid hormone. At the point when the thyroid organ delivers a lot of the thyroid hormone, it brings about a condition referred to as Hyperthyroidism usually known as overactive thyroid. It is now and then called thyrotoxicosis which is the specialized term for a lot of thyroid hormone in the blood. The term hyperthyroidism alludes to a gathering of disarranges that are related with expanded degrees of thyroid hormone in the blood. â€Å"Hyperthyroidism influences 2.5 million individuals in the United States, however could influence up to 4.5 million individuals since the greater part of the individuals with thyroid ailment don't realize they have it. In spite of the fact that it happens at all ages, hyperthyroidism is well on the way to happen after the time of 15.†(Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative medication 2005) The term hyperthyroidism is utilized to allude to infections that are caused because of over the top creation of the hormon es delivered in the thyroid organ. The thyroid organ produces two hormones - One containing 4 units of iodine called Thyroxin (T4) and the other called triiodothyronine (T3) which contains three units of iodine. These two hormones control the body's metabolic rate by assisting with shaping protein ribonucleic corrosive (RNA) and expanding oxygen ingestion in each cell. An expansion in metabolic movement, is the way cells react to the thyroid hormone. Metabolic action, or digestion, alludes to the procedures in the body that produce vitality. The synthetic substances important for cells to develop, partition, to shape new cells, and perform other imperative capacities are generally forms included under the term digestion . Digestion controls the rate at which cells consume energizes from food to create vitality. Increment

Use of Force free essay sample

â€Å"The Use of Force† by William Carlos Williams, the utilization of authorial design is used by the creator. The storyteller is a specialist who is making a house call to help a wiped out little youngster. The creator attempts to legitimize the utilization of power in this circumstance through authorial reason. The writer utilizes expressive, enlightening, and powerful composing strategies so as to address and give a valid justification for applying power over others. He constructs a compatibility in this story through the individuals from the debilitated girl’s family and the specialist himself. He shows numerous ways that the family and specialist can identify with one another through common consideration, shared energy, and coordination. The proposition that the creator is attempting to propose is that in certain circumstances, utilizing power is moral and ought not be despicable when attempting to support someone else. The writer utilizes distinctive composing procedures including authorial reason to impact the crowd that the utilization of power was important and moral. We will compose a custom exposition test on Utilization of Force or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I will clarify the authorial reason utilized in this story. I will talk about expressive, enlightening, and powerful definitive purposes as they all apply to the specialist visiting the little youngster at home. To all the more likely comprehend the authorial purposes utilized, I will clarify what expressive, useful, and powerful composing strategies are more in detail and I will give models all through the story that show the writer William Carlos Williams utilizes each of the three composing procedures to communicate his motivation and expectation of this story. Despite the fact that this short story may show how utilizing power can be crushing to the youngster needing clinical consideration, it is an essential activity to give the kid the best possible clinical consideration. Body Expressive †introducing sentiments It is essential to comprehend that expressive composing is creator focused. This implies the creator will introduce individual emotions so as to show their expectation. The creator will attempt to make importance of an encounter to communicate their aim in a progressively significant way to the crowd. These encounters as a rule remember reflecting for past occasions, or talking about their triumphs and disappointments so as to give the crowd a feeling of feeling toward the creator. Enlightening †sharing data Informative composing is consistently subject-focused. The creator wants to convey data unmistakably so the crowd can comprehend the substance. This is a significant thought when composing educational stories. Genuine composing is generally consistently enlightening composition. In true to life stories, realities and conclusions are uncovered about individuals, spots, things, and occasions. In â€Å"The Use of Force,† the writer clarifies the topic obviously to the peruser by clarifying that a specialist goes on a house call to visit a debilitated little youngster and to help out her show signs of improvement. The time wherein this happened can be gotten through setting intimations in the story. Typically in enlightening composition, the data is simply shared and introduced to the crowd. Eventually, the ends and results are left to the crowd to decide. Accordingly, a useful composing strategy is only a depiction and clarification of some specific data in the story †for the most part about the subject. The author is obliged to disclose the information identified with just a solitary theme in enlightening stories. Enticing †changing the audience’s mind Persuasive composing includes taking a situation on a far from being obviously true issue to persuade a crowd of people one way or the other about that dubious issue. In enticing composing the essayist presents their supposition and attempts to persuade the peruser to concur. Influential composing is otherwise called introducing a contention on the grounds that the essayist utilizes words to persuade the crowd that their feeling wherein they are expounding on is right. Convincing composition, particularly in short stories, is generally utilized. Enticing scholars utilize numerous methods to improve their contention and show support for their case. Understudies comprehend that convincing composing is crowd focused; the necessities of the target group are the most significant thought. End †I am suggesting that the utilization of power, regardless of whether it causes torment, is moral and now and again fundamental so as to help somebody to their benefit.

CEAs Guide to the 2016-17 Common Application

CEAs Guide to the 2016-17 Common Application CEAs Guide To The 2016-17 Common Application CEAs Guide To The 2016-17 Common Application We know it sounds crazy, but the Common Application release date is our favorite day of the year. It’s the day we finally get to see what the application process will look like for most of our students. It’s the day we discover what the Common App has deemed important in the realm of college application features. Its the day when students can no longer say “It’s too early to start my admissions essay.” (Not that it ever was.) The 2016-17 Common Application launch has finally come. You can’t escape it. Mwahahahaha. Our love of evil laughs aside, and in all seriousness, we love this day because it is a day on which we consistently conclude that the admissions process will be manageable for each year’s crop of applicants. Sure, there will be glitches here and there, but so many tools  are available to help students tackle the process. And luckily for students around the globe, the Common App seems to have put a marked effort into making some of these resources  even more useful for the 2016-17 application season. The organization’s website and platform have both gotten a bit of facelift this year, aiming not only to provide students with a streamlined outlet for reaching hundreds of colleges around the country, but also for educating students and parents on the application process, college options and even financial aid. Let’s get down to the things you really need to know as you dive into the college application process. What’s New…   On the Common App Website: Educational Resources: It’s clear (at least to us) that this year’s Common App aims to be more than just a vessel for the submission of apps en masse. The platform has graduated to incorporate a suite of robust educational resources, from a Plan Ahead section that details steps in the application process from grades 9 through 12 to an Explore Colleges feature that allows students to search colleges by location, review a school’s basic stats and application requirements and link directly to a school’s application within the platform. There is even an Application Dictionary for those who need the terms “Restrictive Early Action” and “FERPA” decoded. Don’t forget to check out the section aimed specifically at parents! Virtual Counseling: An entire section of the Common App website is now devoted to providing online guidance for students. Take advantage of the application-related tips, delivered via articles and video from a wide variety of high school counselors, admissions officers and application specialists. (And then visit our YouTube channel for more specific advice on how to tackle the essay, obvs.) Within the Application: Extensive Customer Support: The Common App has been criticized in the past for its slow responses to technical issues and their inability to provide quick and personal feedback. The new platform seems to have addressed these complaints with the Applicant Solutions Center, accessible via the Instructions and Help button towards the top right of your application home screen. Some incredibly useful resources can be found in this section including: Known Issues and Progress Updates: This section allows you to instantly submit an issue report as well as read about other problems you might encounter, along with the recommended temporary solutions. Training Resources and Timely Tips: These portals offer a library of simple instructional videos to answer your questions about the online application process. Live Common App Member Schools: A pair of alphabetical school lists allows an applicant to see which participating institutions have already made their apps available â€" and which ones we’re still waiting on â€" at a glance. (So you won’t spend time searching for supplements in vain!) Integrated Video Tutorials: They’re easy to overlook at first, but once you know to zone on on in the top right corner of each section of your Common Application tab for these video guides, you will have easy access to some of the FAQ’s about the process of filling in your basic required info. New College Search Filters: For the first time, using the College Search feature, students can screen for criteria like standardized testing policies (never required, always required, flexible) and college-specific essay requirements (or lack thereof). We here at CEA clearly don’t support dropping colleges from your list simply because they require the writing of essays; in fact, we recommend you submit your personal statement even if it is only optional, as any chance to speak to admissions in your own voice is one you want to take advantage of. Still, it is incredibly helpful for applicants to be able to see things like which schools require application fees, and get an idea of how large their supplemental essay load might look before solidifying a final target school list. Scholarship Info: It’s better than info, actually. The Common App linked up with Scholar Snapp, a technology that helps connect students with scholarships and seems to function similarly to the Common App in its streamlined submission functionality. Since this is such a new feature, our students will need to experiment with it before we give our final verdict, but we love that the Common App is making the process of finding and applying to scholarships easier for students. Individual school applications (like Vanderbilt’s!) also contain links to their school-specific scholarship opportunities, so keep your eyes open for those as well! The Additional Info Essay: Finally, the Additional Info section gets some time in the sun. Not many applicants know about this section â€" most breeze through the process without ever having expanded this lonely little bar in the Common App’s Writing tab. This year, however, the Common App draws attention to this glorious text box, both in the Writing Tutorial and the Activities Tutorial, suggesting students use this additional 650 word space to detail anything important that might not fit within the confines of the activity section. This is yet another amazing tool an applicant can use to set him/herself apart from other students â€" if, of course you have something truly valuable to add in that space. Downloaded Status aka OMG, you can see when admissions has looked at your app!!: In the bottom right corner of your app platform home screen, so discreetly placed you probably missed it, there is an expandable description labeled “Downloaded Status.” Apparently students will be able to see when a school has downloaded and printed an application for review. Really though: Has life ever been so exciting?!!! (Not for us, but we’re clearly nerds.) While we don’t recommend you spend every day from November to December or January through May refreshing your submission page until you see that status change just so you can “squee” and victory jump in the air when it happens, we wouldn’t blame you if you did. With all of these welcome changes What stayed the same? The General Format: Students who have been experimenting with last year’s application will be happy to know that transition from the 2015-16 Common App platform to the 2016-17 app was relatively seamless â€" at least for us. For those of you who have been tinkering with the 2015-16 Common Application in preparation for this day, you will be pleasantly surprised to find that the general organization of the platform will be easily recognizable. Things are basically where you left them. And the functionality should feel familiar as well, with some helpful additions, mostly informational. Word Counts: Just like last year, the Activity section gives students the opportunity to list 10 of their most important activities, allowing 50 characters for the entry of each “Position/Leadership description and organization name” and 150 characters for describing each activity and any related accomplishments. This is not a ton of space, but if you have been working within last year’s platform, it’s likely what you have been expecting. The Common App personal essay word count has also remained the same, asking students to bear their souls to admissions in 250-650 words. Supplemental Essays: Just like last year, the supplemental essay situation is a bit of a free-for-all, and we mean this in a couple different ways. First of all, as we have seen consistently over the past few years, schools continue to pile on the supplements. Colleges want to hear from students in their own voices and as general proponents of the written word we understand why this is a valuable assessment tool for an admissions officer. Unfortunately, finding these supplements in the Common App is not always the most intuitive process. Cornell’s writing supplement only appears after a student fills in his/her academic details, which may wrongly lead a student to believe that there is no 650 word (max) supplement for this school in their future â€" and there is. Cornell also couches its opportunity to submit an extended (uploadable) activity resume in its own Activity section. Vanderbilt offers the same activity resume option in its school-specific Activity section, along with a ( somewhat unexpected for the uninitiated) 150-400 word activity essay assignment. The problem continues to be both that the supplements are stored in non-obvious places and that their location varies from school-to-school. Still, given the other improvements to the platform, we’re willing to give the CA a pass on this one, with the caveat that all students should be meticulous in their search for supplements, and prepare to be surprised by at least one or two lurkers when you think you’ve caught ‘em all. The Personal Statement: Finally, and perhaps most importantly, at least as far as were concerned, the Common App’s essay prompts (and general structure and functionality) remain the same. The prompts are not a surprise, as the Common App mercifully announced their plan to reissue last year’s questions back in March. Still, it’s comforting to see these old friends nestled neatly in the app, as they’re questions students responded to with feeling, conviction and quite a bit of introspection last year. We are also happy to say that we have a guide to the 2016-17 Common App Essay Prompts all ready and waiting for you. With today’s app launch, we can also confirm that the text box function and formatting are also consistent with last year’s setup, restricting applicants to the most basic stylistic applications (bold, italic and underline) and allowing them to expand the text box for easier typing and Preview the essay during the drafting phase. That’s pretty much it! At least for now. We’re sure more secrets will be revealed and more tricks and tips will be uncovered as the application season unfolds, so sign up for our newsletter in the footer below, or follow us on social media (see the sidebar!) to stay up-to-date. In the meantime, you might be asking: “What do I do now?” Might we suggest you start with the essay? It is the perfect time to identify  that magic topic and get a solid draft on the page. Do it before before the homework piles up and soccer practice kicks in. Don’t let this nice summer jump start pass you by. And if all of this information has you on overload and you don’t know where to start, try watching the first chapter of College Essay Academy to wrap your head around what makes for a winning admissions essay. It’s FREE! (And it’s fun.) Or contact us. We can help! No matter what, enjoy the rest of your (productive!) summer and good luck! *Correction: In a former version of this article we indicated that the College Board was responsible for the Common App, which is not the case. Excited to get started? Check out our top tips for writing a winning Common App essay. Check out our guide to the 2017-18 Common App prompts! Prefer to consume your advice Netflix-style? Binge watch our awesome, on-demand video Academy. Remember, the Common App isnt alone this year. Don’t forget to check out our guide to the brand new Coalition App! About Stacey BrookStacey Brook is an accomplished writer and admissions expert who has spent the last decade helping students conceptualize, edit and refine their college essays.View all posts by Stacey Brook » | Website

CEAs Guide to the 2016-17 Common Application

CEAs Guide to the 2016-17 Common Application CEAs Guide To The 2016-17 Common Application CEAs Guide To The 2016-17 Common Application We know it sounds crazy, but the Common Application release date is our favorite day of the year. It’s the day we finally get to see what the application process will look like for most of our students. It’s the day we discover what the Common App has deemed important in the realm of college application features. Its the day when students can no longer say “It’s too early to start my admissions essay.” (Not that it ever was.) The 2016-17 Common Application launch has finally come. You can’t escape it. Mwahahahaha. Our love of evil laughs aside, and in all seriousness, we love this day because it is a day on which we consistently conclude that the admissions process will be manageable for each year’s crop of applicants. Sure, there will be glitches here and there, but so many tools  are available to help students tackle the process. And luckily for students around the globe, the Common App seems to have put a marked effort into making some of these resources  even more useful for the 2016-17 application season. The organization’s website and platform have both gotten a bit of facelift this year, aiming not only to provide students with a streamlined outlet for reaching hundreds of colleges around the country, but also for educating students and parents on the application process, college options and even financial aid. Let’s get down to the things you really need to know as you dive into the college application process. What’s New…   On the Common App Website: Educational Resources: It’s clear (at least to us) that this year’s Common App aims to be more than just a vessel for the submission of apps en masse. The platform has graduated to incorporate a suite of robust educational resources, from a Plan Ahead section that details steps in the application process from grades 9 through 12 to an Explore Colleges feature that allows students to search colleges by location, review a school’s basic stats and application requirements and link directly to a school’s application within the platform. There is even an Application Dictionary for those who need the terms “Restrictive Early Action” and “FERPA” decoded. Don’t forget to check out the section aimed specifically at parents! Virtual Counseling: An entire section of the Common App website is now devoted to providing online guidance for students. Take advantage of the application-related tips, delivered via articles and video from a wide variety of high school counselors, admissions officers and application specialists. (And then visit our YouTube channel for more specific advice on how to tackle the essay, obvs.) Within the Application: Extensive Customer Support: The Common App has been criticized in the past for its slow responses to technical issues and their inability to provide quick and personal feedback. The new platform seems to have addressed these complaints with the Applicant Solutions Center, accessible via the Instructions and Help button towards the top right of your application home screen. Some incredibly useful resources can be found in this section including: Known Issues and Progress Updates: This section allows you to instantly submit an issue report as well as read about other problems you might encounter, along with the recommended temporary solutions. Training Resources and Timely Tips: These portals offer a library of simple instructional videos to answer your questions about the online application process. Live Common App Member Schools: A pair of alphabetical school lists allows an applicant to see which participating institutions have already made their apps available â€" and which ones we’re still waiting on â€" at a glance. (So you won’t spend time searching for supplements in vain!) Integrated Video Tutorials: They’re easy to overlook at first, but once you know to zone on on in the top right corner of each section of your Common Application tab for these video guides, you will have easy access to some of the FAQ’s about the process of filling in your basic required info. New College Search Filters: For the first time, using the College Search feature, students can screen for criteria like standardized testing policies (never required, always required, flexible) and college-specific essay requirements (or lack thereof). We here at CEA clearly don’t support dropping colleges from your list simply because they require the writing of essays; in fact, we recommend you submit your personal statement even if it is only optional, as any chance to speak to admissions in your own voice is one you want to take advantage of. Still, it is incredibly helpful for applicants to be able to see things like which schools require application fees, and get an idea of how large their supplemental essay load might look before solidifying a final target school list. Scholarship Info: It’s better than info, actually. The Common App linked up with Scholar Snapp, a technology that helps connect students with scholarships and seems to function similarly to the Common App in its streamlined submission functionality. Since this is such a new feature, our students will need to experiment with it before we give our final verdict, but we love that the Common App is making the process of finding and applying to scholarships easier for students. Individual school applications (like Vanderbilt’s!) also contain links to their school-specific scholarship opportunities, so keep your eyes open for those as well! The Additional Info Essay: Finally, the Additional Info section gets some time in the sun. Not many applicants know about this section â€" most breeze through the process without ever having expanded this lonely little bar in the Common App’s Writing tab. This year, however, the Common App draws attention to this glorious text box, both in the Writing Tutorial and the Activities Tutorial, suggesting students use this additional 650 word space to detail anything important that might not fit within the confines of the activity section. This is yet another amazing tool an applicant can use to set him/herself apart from other students â€" if, of course you have something truly valuable to add in that space. Downloaded Status aka OMG, you can see when admissions has looked at your app!!: In the bottom right corner of your app platform home screen, so discreetly placed you probably missed it, there is an expandable description labeled “Downloaded Status.” Apparently students will be able to see when a school has downloaded and printed an application for review. Really though: Has life ever been so exciting?!!! (Not for us, but we’re clearly nerds.) While we don’t recommend you spend every day from November to December or January through May refreshing your submission page until you see that status change just so you can “squee” and victory jump in the air when it happens, we wouldn’t blame you if you did. With all of these welcome changes What stayed the same? The General Format: Students who have been experimenting with last year’s application will be happy to know that transition from the 2015-16 Common App platform to the 2016-17 app was relatively seamless â€" at least for us. For those of you who have been tinkering with the 2015-16 Common Application in preparation for this day, you will be pleasantly surprised to find that the general organization of the platform will be easily recognizable. Things are basically where you left them. And the functionality should feel familiar as well, with some helpful additions, mostly informational. Word Counts: Just like last year, the Activity section gives students the opportunity to list 10 of their most important activities, allowing 50 characters for the entry of each “Position/Leadership description and organization name” and 150 characters for describing each activity and any related accomplishments. This is not a ton of space, but if you have been working within last year’s platform, it’s likely what you have been expecting. The Common App personal essay word count has also remained the same, asking students to bear their souls to admissions in 250-650 words. Supplemental Essays: Just like last year, the supplemental essay situation is a bit of a free-for-all, and we mean this in a couple different ways. First of all, as we have seen consistently over the past few years, schools continue to pile on the supplements. Colleges want to hear from students in their own voices and as general proponents of the written word we understand why this is a valuable assessment tool for an admissions officer. Unfortunately, finding these supplements in the Common App is not always the most intuitive process. Cornell’s writing supplement only appears after a student fills in his/her academic details, which may wrongly lead a student to believe that there is no 650 word (max) supplement for this school in their future â€" and there is. Cornell also couches its opportunity to submit an extended (uploadable) activity resume in its own Activity section. Vanderbilt offers the same activity resume option in its school-specific Activity section, along with a ( somewhat unexpected for the uninitiated) 150-400 word activity essay assignment. The problem continues to be both that the supplements are stored in non-obvious places and that their location varies from school-to-school. Still, given the other improvements to the platform, we’re willing to give the CA a pass on this one, with the caveat that all students should be meticulous in their search for supplements, and prepare to be surprised by at least one or two lurkers when you think you’ve caught ‘em all. The Personal Statement: Finally, and perhaps most importantly, at least as far as were concerned, the Common App’s essay prompts (and general structure and functionality) remain the same. The prompts are not a surprise, as the Common App mercifully announced their plan to reissue last year’s questions back in March. Still, it’s comforting to see these old friends nestled neatly in the app, as they’re questions students responded to with feeling, conviction and quite a bit of introspection last year. We are also happy to say that we have a guide to the 2016-17 Common App Essay Prompts all ready and waiting for you. With today’s app launch, we can also confirm that the text box function and formatting are also consistent with last year’s setup, restricting applicants to the most basic stylistic applications (bold, italic and underline) and allowing them to expand the text box for easier typing and Preview the essay during the drafting phase. That’s pretty much it! At least for now. We’re sure more secrets will be revealed and more tricks and tips will be uncovered as the application season unfolds, so sign up for our newsletter in the footer below, or follow us on social media (see the sidebar!) to stay up-to-date. In the meantime, you might be asking: “What do I do now?” Might we suggest you start with the essay? It is the perfect time to identify  that magic topic and get a solid draft on the page. Do it before before the homework piles up and soccer practice kicks in. Don’t let this nice summer jump start pass you by. And if all of this information has you on overload and you don’t know where to start, try watching the first chapter of College Essay Academy to wrap your head around what makes for a winning admissions essay. It’s FREE! (And it’s fun.) Or contact us. We can help! No matter what, enjoy the rest of your (productive!) summer and good luck! *Correction: In a former version of this article we indicated that the College Board was responsible for the Common App, which is not the case. Excited to get started? Check out our top tips for writing a winning Common App essay. Check out our guide to the 2017-18 Common App prompts! Prefer to consume your advice Netflix-style? Binge watch our awesome, on-demand video Academy. Remember, the Common App isnt alone this year. Don’t forget to check out our guide to the brand new Coalition App! About Stacey BrookStacey Brook is an accomplished writer and admissions expert who has spent the last decade helping students conceptualize, edit and refine their college essays.View all posts by Stacey Brook » | Website

The Prevalence of E-Commerce Essay - 3688 Words

The Prevalence of E-Commerce Introduction The most common and traditional way to purchase goods for us is go to the high street stores where we pick up the goods what we like, pay for the prices at the check-out desk. However, the way has changed; 21 century is the world with E-commerce. People can no longer go to stores instead of buying all products at home over the internet. We can’t ignore the benefits of e-commerce. For consumers, e-commerce is great as everyone likes the ease and convenience of shopping online. For businesses, e-commerce is also great managing suppliers and conducting business transactions over the Web saves time and money. Without doubt, e-commerce provides huge†¦show more content†¦This essay intends to give a critical analysis for legal relationships among parties created on eBay.co.uk. I will also analyse consumers’ protections from purchasing goods in stores and buying on eBay that whether they have the same rights by different means of purchasing goods. Moreover, some law legislations and regulations will be considered for supporting my views. Part I I Participators on eBay EBay provides a cyberspace for buyers and seller who came together to buy and sell goods. On the other hand, eBay online service permit all users using it service on the basic premise that users must agree the terms and conditions presented on-screen. Therefore, firstly, the relationship between sellers and buyers are created through online sales contract. Secondly, eBay as online service provider provides services to eBay’s users and regulate their acts. 1) The legal relationship between eBay buyer and seller Under English law, the formation of a contract requires four elements: offer, acceptance, consideration and an intention to create legal relations. 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Gen. Henry Hap Arnold - World War II History

Henry Harley Arnold (born at Gladwyne, PA on June 25, 1886) had a military career peppered with many successes and few failures. He was the only officer to ever hold the rank of General of the Air Force. He died January 15,  1950  and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Early Life The son of a doctor, Henry Harley Arnold was born at Gladwyne, PA on June 25, 1886. Attending Lower Merion High School, he graduated in 1903 and applied to West Point. Entering the academy, he proved a renowned prankster but only a pedestrian student. Graduating in 1907, he ranked 66th out of a class of 111. Though he desired to enter the cavalry, his grades and disciplinary record prevented this and he was assigned to the 29th Infantry as a second lieutenant. Arnold initially protested this assignment but ultimately relented and joined his unit in the Philippines. Learning to Fly While there, he befriended Captain Arthur Cowan of the US Army Signal Corps. Working with Cowan, Arnold aided in creating maps of Luzon. Two years later, Cowan was ordered to take command of the Signal Corps newly-formed Aeronautical Division. As part of this new assignment, Cowan was directed to recruit two lieutenants for pilot training. Contacting Arnold, Cowan learned of the young lieutenants interest in obtaining a transfer. After some delays, Arnold was transferred to the Signal Corps in 1911 and began flight training at the Wright Brothers flying school in Dayton, OH. Taking his first solo flight on May 13, 1911, Arnold earned his pilot license later that summer. Sent to College Park, MD with his training partner, Lieutenant Thomas Millings, he set several altitude records as well as became the first pilot to carry US Mail. Over the next year, Arnold began to develop a fear of flying after witnessing and being a part of several crashes. Despite this, he won the prestigious Mackay Trophy in 1912 for the most meritorious flight of the year. On November 5, Arnold survived a near-fatal crash at Fort Riley, KS and removed himself from flight status. Returning to the Air Returning to the infantry, he was again posted to the Philippines. While there he met 1st Lieutenant George C. Marshall and the two became life-long friends. In January 1916, Major Billy Mitchell offered Arnold a promotion to captain if he returned to aviation. Accepting, he traveled back to College Park for duty as the supply officer for the Aviation Section, US Signal Corps. That fall, aided by his friends in the flying community, Arnold overcame his fear of flying. Sent to Panama in early 1917 to find a location for an airfield, he was en route back to Washington when he learned of the US entry into World War I. World War I Though he desired to go to France, Arnolds aviation experience led to him being retained in Washington at the Aviation Sections headquarters. Promoted to the temporary ranks of major and colonel, Arnold oversaw the Information Division and lobbied for the passage of a large aviation appropriations bill. Though mostly unsuccessful, he gained valuable insight into negotiating the politics of Washington as well as the development and procurement of aircraft. In the summer of 1918, Arnold was dispatched to France to brief General John J. Pershing on new aviation developments. Interwar Years Following the war, Mitchell was transferred to the new US Army Air Service and was posted to Rockwell Field, CA. While there, he developed relationships with future subordinates such as Carl Spaatz and Ira Eaker. After attending the Army Industrial College, he returned to Washington to the Office of the Chief of Air Service, Information Division, where he became a devout follower of the now-Brigadier General Billy Mitchell. When the outspoken Mitchell was court-martialed in 1925, Arnold risked his career by testifying on behalf of the air power advocate. For this and for leaking pro-airpower information to the press, he was professionally exiled to Fort Riley in 1926 and given command of the 16th Observation Squadron. While there, he befriended Major General James Fechet, the new head of the US Army Air Corps. Intervening on Arnolds behalf, Fechet had him sent to the Command and General Staff School. Graduating in 1929, his career began to progress again and he held a variety of peacetime commands. After winning a second Mackay Trophy in 1934 for a flight to Alaska, Arnold was given command of the Air Corps First Wing in March 1935 and promoted to brigadier general. That December, against his wishes, Arnold returned to Washington and was made Assistant Chief of the Air Corps with responsibility for procurement and supply. In September 1938, his superior, Major General Oscar Westover, was killed in a crash. Shortly thereafter, Arnold was promoted to major general and made Chief of the Air Corps. In this role, he began plans for expanding the Air Corps to place it on par with Army Ground Forces. He also began pushing a large, long-term research and development agenda with the goal improving the Air Corps equipment. World War II With the growing threat from Nazi Germany and Japan, Arnold directed research efforts to exploit existing technologies and drove the development of aircraft such as the Boeing B-17 and Consolidated B-24. In addition, he began pushing for research into the development of jet engines. With the creation of the US Army Air Forces in June 1941, Arnold was made Chief of the Army Air Forces and acting Deputy Chief of Staff for Air. Given a degree of autonomy, Arnold and his staff began planning in anticipation of the US entry into World War II. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Arnold was promoted to lieutenant general and began enacting his war plans which called for the defense of the Western Hemisphere as well as aerial offensives against Germany and Japan. Under his aegis, the USAAF created numerous air forces for deployment in the various theaters of combat. As the strategic bombing campaign commenced in Europe, Arnold continued to press for the development of new aircraft, such as the B-29 Superfortress, and support equipment. Beginning in early 1942, Arnold was named Commanding General, USAAF and made a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Combined Chiefs of Staff. In addition to advocating for and supporting strategic bombing, Arnold backed other initiatives such as the Doolittle Raid, the formation of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs), as well as communicated directly with his top commanders to ascertain their needs firsthand. Promoted to general in March 1943, he soon had the first of several wartime heart attacks. Recovering, he accompanied President Franklin Roosevelt to the Tehran Conference later that year. With his aircraft pounding the Germans in Europe, he began focusing his attention on making the B-29 operational. Deciding against using it Europe, he elected to deploy it to the Pacific. Organized into the Twentieth Air Force, the B-29 force remained under Arnolds personal command and flew first from bases in China and then the Marianas. Working with Major General Curtis LeMay, Arnold oversaw the campaign against the Japanese home islands. These attacks saw LeMay, with Arnolds approval, conduct massive firebombing attacks on Japanese cities. The war finally came to an end when Arnolds B-29s dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Later Life Following the war, Arnold established Project RAND (Research and Development) which was tasked with studying military matters. Traveling to South America in January 1946, he was forced to break off the trip due to declining health. As result, he retired from active service the following month and settled on a ranch in Sonoma, CA. Arnold spent his final years writing his memoirs and in 1949 had his final rank changed to General of the Air Force. The only officer to ever hold this rank, he died on January 15, 1950 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Selected Sources HistoryNet: General Henry Hap ArnoldHenry H. Arnold

Essay on Determination of HDI - 1278 Words

Determination of HDI The HDI is one of many methods of determining human development, first introduced by the United Nations Program. It does not only focus on a countrys economic wealth instead it looks at social, cultural and welfare criteria in a order to determine a countrys quality of life. HDI is calculated by using three factors chosen by the UN. These can be seen below: 1. Average life expectancy 2. Adult literacy rate 3. Income (GDP per capita) These three indicators are combined and a rank is calculated from the highest (1.0) to the lowest (0) HDI. For example Canada which has the highest HDI of 0.961 has the highest GDP of US$21,916. The adult literacy rate†¦show more content†¦The difference between the value achieved by a country and the maximum possible value shows how far the country has to reach. For example Ethiopia has to travel further (0.708) to reach up to Canada, compared to France which has a difference of 0.014 HDI. (b) Examine the Problems of Defining Development (20) Different phrases and words have been used to try and describe differences between countries e.g. developed and developing, first world and third world, and more recently MEDCs and LEDCs. Development is very difficult to define as it has a wide range of meanings and has therefore been used in a variety of ways, by different people or organizations at different times. For example, geographers will link development with improvements in human welfare e.g. greater wealth, better education and health, whereas others would measure development in terms of HDI (human development index). Normally when we look at the world we live in, we compare it with our own level of advancement and come to the conclusion that we are better off, have a better standard of living. Whereas when we think about the Third World we maintain our eurocentric attitudes. 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Calculate the correlation coefficientRead MoreQuestions On The Human Development Index1748 Words   |  7 PagesAppendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 Statement of Intent My aim is to discover whether the percentage of the population that uses the internet in a country affects its human development index value. The Human Development Index also known as HDI is a statistic that measures life expectancy, the average years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and per capita income, which is then used to rank countries using numbers between zero to one with zero being the lowest, and 1 being the highestRead MoreHow Globalization Affects Developing Countries?1504 Words   |  7 PagesIndustrialized or developed nations are specific countries with a high level of economic development and meet certain socioeconomic criteria based on economic theory such as gross domestic product (GDP), industrialization and human development index (HDI) as defined by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). 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